What is Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC)?
Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC) is the total cost of winning a new customer, including marketing and sales expenses. It's calculated by dividing total sales and marketing costs by the number of new customers acquired. CAC is fundamental for understanding whether your customer acquisition is sustainable. SaaS companies aim for CAC payback under 12 months; ecommerce typically wants CAC under 30% of customer lifetime value.
How to Calculate CAC
Measuring CAC helps optimize your growth efficiency:
- Enter your Total Sales & Marketing Cost ($) - include ads, content, tools, and personnel
- Enter your New Customers Acquired - new customers in the same period
- Results instantly show your cost per acquisition
- Compare against customer lifetime value for health
CAC Formulas
CAC = Total Sales & Marketing Cost ÷ New Customers Acquired
CAC Payback Period = CAC ÷ Average Revenue per Customer per Month
Customer Lifetime Value (LTV) = Average Purchase × Purchases per Year × Customer Lifespan
Real-World Example
Example: An ecommerce store spends $10,000 on Facebook ads in a month and acquires 250 new customers:
CAC: $10,000 ÷ 250 = $40 per customer
If AOV is $80: 40 ÷ 80 = 0.5 purchase to break even
Target CAC: Should be under 33% of LTV for healthy margins
Why CAC Matters
Understanding CAC helps you:
- Budget wisely - Know how much you can afford to spend per customer
- Evaluate channels - Compare CAC across marketing channels
- Improve efficiency - Identify when CAC is too high to be sustainable
- Scale profitably - Lower CAC = more room for profit or reinvestment
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a good CAC by industry?
Benchmarks vary: Ecommerce $20-100, SaaS $100-500, Financial Services $200-500, Healthcare $200-400. What matters more than absolute CAC is the ratio of LTV to CAC (should be at least 3:1).
How do I reduce customer acquisition cost?
Reduce CAC by: improving conversion rates, optimizing ad targeting, building SEO/organic channels, implementing referral programs, creating content marketing funnels, and improving retention to spread acquisition costs over longer customer lifespans.
What is the difference between CAC and CPA?
CAC = Cost to acquire a CUSTOMER (someone who buys). CPA = Cost per ACQUISITION (could be lead, signup, download). All customers are acquisitions, but not all acquisitions become customers. CAC is more valuable for profitability analysis.
How do I calculate CAC for different time periods?
Use consistent time periods for both costs and customers. Monthly CAC is most common. Ensure new customers are attributed to marketing efforts in that same period for accurate measurement.
Is a low CAC always better?
Not necessarily. Very low CAC might mean you're only reaching cheap audiences that don't convert well or have low value. The goal is optimal CAC relative to customer value, not absolute minimum CAC.